Steam-boiler



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

N .0 T G N Ti H m D 0 W Am m m STEAM BOILER No. 424,528. Patented Apr.1, 1890.

" INVENTOR ATTORNEY WITNESSESZ I /7 N. PETERS Pholoiilhognphnr. wnzhlnmu. DV 0 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. WORTHINGTON.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 424,628. Patented Apr. 1, 18.90.

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(N0 Model.)

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-A. WORTHINGTON.

STEAM BOILER INVENTOR WITNESSES: fl FPM.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

AMASA lVORTIllNGTON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAM'-BO|LER.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 424,528, dated April 1,1890.

Application filed July 11, 1889. Serial No. 317,225. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, AMASA WoRTHINoToN, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional\Va-ter- Tube Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to promote rapid and direct circulation,and thereby equalize the temperature of different parts of the boiler,to avoid conflicting currents in the water-circulation, and to obtaincompactness of structure.

My invention consists in a structure composed of oppositely-inclinedsingle vertical series of water-tubes which are interlocked, the lowerends connecting by means of headers with the water-drums and the upperends connecting by means of separate headers with the steam drum ordrums above the tubes.

My invention also consists in certain details of construction applicableto the present structure.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference-lettersindicate corresponding parts throughout, Figure 1 is a transversesection on the linece 50, Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a side view of Fig. 1, partlyin section on the line y y, Fig. l, and partly viewed exterior to theline 1] y and within the line 3 a. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of "amodification, and Fig. 4 a partial side elevation of Fig. 3; Figs. 5 to8, inclusive, are detail views hereinafter more fully referred to,showing a manner of constructing the headers.

In Figs. 1 and 2, A. is the steam and water drum.

B B are the water-drums, and C C C O the water-legs ordownflow-pipesfour in number-connecting the water space of the steam andwater drum at either end with the re spective ends of the water'drunis BB. The water-drums also serve as repositories for sediment, and maybeprovided with usual suitable blow-off cooks for the removal of suchsediment.

D D D D are the WtllGl tllbG headers, into which the ends of thewater-tubes (l are expanded. The headers D D at opposite sides of theboiler, pertaining to the one inclination of tubes, lie in commontransverse planes, while the headers D D pertaining to theoppositely-inclined tubes, lie in alternate or intervening transverseplanes, so that the adjacent abutting ends of the headers break joints,as seen in Fig. 2. The ends D D of the headers D D are connectedindependently with the steam-drum A at or near the water level by seriesof connecting-tubes c, while the ends D D of the headers D D haveindependent communication with the waterdrums B by means ofconnecting-nipples f.

The headers D D are provided with handholes 72, having cap-nuts, such asmore fully shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and these are located opposite eachtube'to afford access for cleanin g, while similar hand-holes areprovided to the headers D D at less frequent intervals sufficient forthe discharge of material cleaned from the tubes cl.

Opposite the entrance of the connectingtubes 6 to the drum A and withinthe same are provided deflecting shields or partitions i, swinging onhinges at 7;. An opening is left above the shields t sufficient for theissue of steam to the steam-space of the drum, while the inclined andyielding surfaces of the shields which are freely suspended serve todirect the general current downward into the water-space, preventing anywater that is entrained with. the steam being thrown upward toward thepoint of delivery.

The interspaces between the headers which appear in Fig. 2 are filledwith suitable firebrick or other refractory filling, such as to formcomplete walls at the sides of the furnace and draft-passage above.

The fire-grate F and furnace E extend the entire length of the boiler inthe presentillustration, the fire-doors G 4r being located at one orboth ends.

The construction of the furnace may be modified in various ways, such asmay be found expedient in diiferent sizes of the generator or locationof the same.

The fire-grate is supported upon a frame ll, bolted to the headers D Dby bolts 02., or otherwise suitably secured in the cradle formed by theconverging headers.

I is a reflecting or radiating crown pro vided to the furnace tointensify combustion, and also to delay the gases until perfect ignitionis effected. The upper portion of the structure is confined by the hoodK, forming a draft-passage toward the smokeflue P.

The headers represented in Figs. 1 and 2 are constructed as appears inhorizontal crosssection in Fig. 5 or in vertical section in Fig. 6. Thecap-nuts n fit upon the beveled seats of the apertures, being screwed tothe shank of the yoke 17.

Fig. 7 illustrates a double construction of the header, which is formedby collapsing a single tube into the desired form and uniting theintermediate portion by means of rivets. Fig.8 illustrates asimilarmanner of forming any desired number of such headers by the uniting ofcorrugated sheets of metal M N by means of rivets. The latterconstruction composes a complete wall,and in this instance the firebrickfilling hereinbefore referred to between the headers may be dispensedwith.

The essential feature of difference in the carrying out of my invention(illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.) consists in the substitution for thedownflow water-legs O O of the upper tubes d d of each series, whichtubes d d are connected directly to the lowerportion of the water-spacein the steam-drum, and act as downflow-pipes, equivalent in function tothe pipes C (J. The downward current is distributed over the lowermostends ofthe remaining series of tubes cl d within the headers 1) D Thedrums B Bin this instance, being located in a direct vertical linebeneath a downward current in the headers D D, accumulate the sedimentwhich is thrown down or gravitates into them, and may be blown off fromtime to time, the circulation not, however, passing through the drums BB, as in the first instance described. The drums B B are connected bycross-tubes L, which serve as grate-supporters, and which virtuallyunite the drums B B into a single watei cliamber. In other respects theform of the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 3 and tcorresponds to thatillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it being immaterial whether the headers beinclined or ver tical.

The vertical headers in Figs. 3 and at are of peculiar construction,each consisting of a vertical central tube 0 and a series of obliquepockets 8 s at each. side thereof, being composed of an integral piece.A double series of tubes are thereby expanded into the inclinedapertures of the pockets communicating in common with the central tube 7This .feature of construction of the headers I claim as a part of thesubjectmiatter of a separate patent application to be filed.

It is to be remarked that the vertical headers are provided with flangesu, whereby their edges may be united to form a continuous wall, orwhereby a suitable firebri ck filling may be sustained between them.Plates 1; are also provided in the construction of Figs. 3 and 4. toclose the combustion-space.

In the operation of myinvention the circulation occurs independentlythrough the several sections of the generator. The directions of the currents are opposite in theirindependent courses, therebyequalizing theabsorption of calorie, and due to the peculiar arrangement of the tubesI obtain the maximum effect of the furnace before the heat has becomereduced by a long passage.

By means of the divergent and convergent shape of the combustion-spacerepresented in Fig.1 I obtain an enlarged combustion-space above thegrate inproport-ion to the grate surface and a slow passage of the hotgases among the tubes Where the volume of the chamber is greatest, thedraft subsequently having an accelerated eduction as the gases arecooled and the space contracts.

- I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in a sectionalsteamgenerator, of a steam chamber or chambers, a water chamber orchambers below the level thereof, interlocked series ofoppositely-inclined water-tubes, and separate headers connecting thesame at their upper and lower ends, respectively, with the said steamand water chambers.

2. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of an upper steamchamber or chambers, lower water-chambers parallel to said upper steamchamber or chambers, an interlocked assemblage of oppositely-inclinedsingle vertical series of water-tubes, headers connecting the upper endsof each member of one or more of such series together and with the saidsteam chamber or chambers, headers connecting the lower ends of one ormore of such series together and with the said lower water chambers, andthe downfiow-pipes 0, connecting the said upper steam chamber orchambers with the said lower water-chambers.

3. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of a longitudinalsteam and water drum, parallel water-drums below the level of the same,oppositely-inclined single vertical series of water-tubes interlockingin successive vertical planes transverse to the said drums, and headersconnecting the upper and lower ends of each such series independentlyand respectively with the said steam and water drum and the saidwater-drums.

4. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of a longitudinalsteam and water drum above the furnace, parallel water-drums below thesides of the furnace, oppositely-inclined single vertical series ofwater-tubes i11- terlockin g in successive vertical planes transverse tothe said drums, and headers connecting to the upper ends of the tubesextended in said vertical planes to connect with the sides of the steamand water drum, and headers connecting to the loyver ends of the tubesextended in said vertical planes to form the side walls of the furnaceand connect with the Water-drums.

5. The combination, with series of Watertubes lyingin vertical planes,of headers composed of vertically-corrugated sheets of metal unitedbetween each said vertical planes of IIO the series, in the formsubstantially as speoithe bottom of the drum and having a steamfiecl,having vertical Water-channels and compassage above the port-i011 whichis inclined, 1o

, posing" a continuous Wall. for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination with the steam and We,- T n T 5 ter drum of a Watertube boiler, of the de- AMASA ORIHH GTON' fieeting-plates suspended fromhinges and lo- \Vitnesses: V eatecl Within the drum opposite thesteam-in- H. F. PARKER,

d not-ion tubes, said plate being inclined toward CHAS. HANIMANN.

